1 Samuel 14:22
Likewise all the men of Israel which had hid themselves in mount Ephraim, when they heard that the Philistines fled, even they also followed hard after them in the battle.
Original Language Analysis
וְכֹל֩
H3605
וְכֹל֩
Strong's:
H3605
Word #:
1 of 15
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
אִ֨ישׁ
Likewise all the men
H376
אִ֨ישׁ
Likewise all the men
Strong's:
H376
Word #:
2 of 15
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל
of Israel
H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל
of Israel
Strong's:
H3478
Word #:
3 of 15
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
בְּהַר
themselves in mount
H2022
בְּהַר
themselves in mount
Strong's:
H2022
Word #:
5 of 15
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙
Ephraim
H669
אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙
Ephraim
Strong's:
H669
Word #:
6 of 15
ephrajim, a son of joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
שָֽׁמְע֔וּ
when they heard
H8085
שָֽׁמְע֔וּ
when they heard
Strong's:
H8085
Word #:
7 of 15
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
כִּי
H3588
כִּי
Strong's:
H3588
Word #:
8 of 15
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
נָ֖סוּ
fled
H5127
נָ֖סוּ
fled
Strong's:
H5127
Word #:
9 of 15
to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים
that the Philistines
H6430
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים
that the Philistines
Strong's:
H6430
Word #:
10 of 15
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
וַֽיַּדְבְּק֥וּ
even they also followed hard
H1692
וַֽיַּדְבְּק֥וּ
even they also followed hard
Strong's:
H1692
Word #:
11 of 15
properly, to impinge, i.e., cling or adhere; figuratively, to catch by pursuit
גַם
H1571
גַם
Strong's:
H1571
Word #:
12 of 15
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
Historical Context
Mount Ephraim's caves and forests provided hiding places for refugees during Philistine dominance. The emergence of these hidden Israelites swelled the pursuing force significantly. Their participation in pursuit, if not in initial combat, contributed to the totality of the Philistine defeat.
Questions for Reflection
- How does witnessing God's power transform fearful people into bold participants?
- What responsibility do those who hid during the battle have in pursuit of the fleeing enemy?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
Likewise all the men of Israel which had hid themselves in mount Ephraim, when they heard that the Philistines fled, even they also followed hard after them in the battle.
Those who had 'hid themselves in mount Ephraim' - the frightened Israelites of 13:6 who fled to caves and pits - now 'heard that the Philistines fled' and 'followed hard after them in the battle.' The Hebrew davaq ('followed hard' or 'clung') describes aggressive pursuit. Fear transforms to courage when God's power becomes evident. The same people who hid now pursue. Divine victory emboldens those who lacked faith for the initial fight.